1) The American Civil Rights Movement, led by figures like Martin Luther King Jr., fought for equal rights and helped bring about significant social and legislative changes.

2) The European Union (EU) is a supranational organization comprising 27 member states that cooperate on various issues, including trade, economic integration, and common policies, while preserving individual national sovereignty.

3) The word "bank" comes from the Italian word "banco," which means bench. In medieval Italy, bankers conducted their business on benches in the marketplace.

4) The global response to climate change includes the Paris Agreement, an international treaty aiming to limit global warming and strengthen countries' efforts to address climate change through mitigation and adaptation strategies.